王重建  楊年紅¹  許明佳  武頌文  楊雪鋒  劉烈剛  孫秀發(fā)

華中科技大學(xué)同濟醫學(xué)院公共衛生學(xué)院營(yíng)養與食品衛生系，武漢 430030

摘要：目的 研究高脂飲食誘導肥胖（DIO）及肥胖抵抗（DIO-R）大鼠血漿PYY3-36含量及回結腸PYY mRNA的表達情況，探討PYY3-36與高脂飲食誘導肥胖抵抗的關(guān)系。 方法  36只雌性SD大鼠，按體重隨機分為高脂實(shí)驗組（n=27）和基礎對照組（n=9），分別給予高脂飼料和基礎飼料喂養13周。據13周末體重將高脂飼料組再分為飲食誘導肥胖（DIO）和飲食誘導肥胖抵抗 （DIO-R）組，比較各組大鼠能量攝入水平、血漿PYY3-36含量及回結腸PYY mRNA表達水平的差異。結果  DIO-R大鼠熱能攝入量顯著(zhù)低于DIO大鼠(P<0.01)；與對照組大鼠相比無(wú)顯著(zhù)性差異（P>0.05）；DIO-R大鼠血漿PYY3-36含量及回結腸PYY mRNA表達水平顯著(zhù)高于DIO和對照組大鼠(P<0.01)；DIO與對照組相比，除回腸PYY mRNA 表達水平升高外，其余指標均無(wú)顯著(zhù)性差異（P>0.05）。結論  高脂飲食條件下，SD大鼠表現為明顯的肥胖易感性差異，這種差異可能與PYY3-36的食欲調節密切相關(guān)，血漿PYY3-36含量和回結腸PYY mRNA表達水平的升高可能是導致DIO-R大鼠熱能攝入下降的內在機制之一。

關(guān)鍵詞：高脂飲食  肥胖  肥胖抵抗  熱能攝入  PYY3-36

中圖分類(lèi)號：R589.2   R151.3             文獻標識碼：A

 

Wang Chong-jian，Yang Nian-hong，Xu Ming-jia，Wu Song-wen, et al.

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China

Abstract:  Objective  To study the plasma concentration of PYY3-36 and the expression levels of PYY mRNA of ileum and colon in dietary induced obesity (DIO) and dietary induced obesity resistant (DIO-R) rats and the relation between PYY3-36 and DIO-R rats.  Methods  Thirty-six female SD rats were randomly divided into high-fat diet group (n=27) and chow fed control group (n=9), after 13 weeks of either a high-fat diet or chew fed diet, the high-fat diet group was subdivided into dietary induced obesity (DIO) and Dietary Induced Obesity Resistant (DIO-R) group according to the final body weight. Weight gain, caloric intake, the concentration of PYY3-36 and the expression levels of PYY mRNA were measured and compared.  Results  The total caloric intake of DIO-R rats was lower than DIO rats (P<0.01)，while no significant difference was found between DIO-R and control rats (P>0.05). The concentration of PYY3-36 and the expressions of PYY mRNA of ileum and colon in DIO-R rats were higher significantly than that of the DIO and control rats (P<0.01), while no significant difference was found between DIO and control group (P>0.05), except that PYY of ileum was advanced in DIO group (P<0.01).  Conclusion  On the High-fat diet, SD rats showed different susceptibility to obese and energy intake, increased levels of PYY3-36 and PYY mRNA might be related to dietary induced obesity resistant.

Key words: high-fat diet, obesity, obesity resistant, caloric intake, peptide YY3-36

 

基金項目：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目資助（No.30371213）

作者簡(jiǎn)介：王重建，男，博士研究生

1通訊作者

青島大學(xué)醫學(xué)院醫學(xué)營(yíng)養學(xué)研究所，青島 266021

 

摘要：目的  在前期對部分中老年農村居民進(jìn)行了b-胡蘿卜素(b-C)轉化維生素A(VA)效率評價(jià)的基礎上，再對10名農村中青年志愿者b-C轉化效率進(jìn)行研究。方法：使用穩定同位素稀釋法對10名38~49歲健康志愿者（男5，女5）進(jìn)行b-C人體代謝實(shí)驗。2周適應期和56天實(shí)驗期內，志愿者接受常規膳食，避免大量VA和b-C攝入以及煙、酒和營(yíng)養制劑。實(shí)驗第1天，給受試者含6mg氘標記b-C（²H₈ b-C）玉米油膠丸，隨半流質(zhì)早餐（脂肪熱能比25%）一起攝入。實(shí)驗第4天，受試者以同樣方法攝入含3mg氘標記醋酸視黃醇(²H_8－ RAc) 油劑膠丸。實(shí)驗第1天和第4天攝入標記物后0、3、5、7、9、11、13h時(shí)，第2、3、5、6、7、8、9、10、14、21、28、35、42、49和56天晨空腹時(shí)，采靜脈血。用高效液相色譜儀(HPLC)測定血清類(lèi)胡蘿卜素成分濃度，使用氣相質(zhì)譜儀(GC/MS)測定血清中不同來(lái)源視黃醇的同位素豐度。根據VA濃度和同位素豐度，描述標記VA在體內應答的血液動(dòng)力學(xué)曲線(xiàn)。結果：10名受試者口服²H₈ b-C和²H₈ RAc后，血清中²H₄視黃醇和²H₈視黃醇的應答反應均非常明顯；52天時(shí)血清中²H₄視黃醇（來(lái)自²H₈ b-C）的曲線(xiàn)下面積（AUC）平均為（1289±547）nmol/d；52天的²H₈視黃醇（來(lái)自²H₈-RAC）的AUC平均為（3560±1058）nmol/d；以攝入的²H₈-RAc作為VA參照，計算來(lái)自口服²H₈ b-C的²H₄ 視黃醇平均為（3434±1449）nmol/d。b-C轉化為VA的轉化系數平均為(3.89±2.76) ﹕1(摩爾單位) [范圍是(2.00~9.61)﹕1]或者(7.30±5.18)﹕1(質(zhì)量單位) [范圍是(3.76~18.05)﹕1]。結論：采用穩定同位素稀釋技術(shù)，定量測定了10名中國農村中青年志愿者體內b-C轉化為VA的效率，按質(zhì)量單位計其轉化比值平均為7.30﹕1。

關(guān)鍵詞：b-胡蘿卜素  維生素A  轉化效率  同位素稀釋法

中圖分類(lèi)號：Q562                             文獻標識碼：A

 

Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266021, China

Abstract：Objectives  As an extended study of b-Carotene-vitamin A equivalence in Chinese adults, we carried out an experiment on 10 (5 males and 5 females) rural volunteers aged 38-49 years, which would be complementary to the early reported study on subjects aged 50-60 years. Methods  Ten healthy Chinese adult volunteers aged 38-49 years were recruited in a 56 days experiment, which included residency in the Metabolic Research Unit (first 10 days) and in home (last 46 days). A physiological dose of ²H₈ b-C (11011nmol or 6mg) in oil was given with a liquid diet (25% energy from fat) to the volunteers in the first day of the experiment.  Three days after the ²H₈ b-C dose, each volunteer took a reference dose of ²H₈ retinyl acetate (8915nmol or 3mg) in oil with the same liquid diet. Serum samples were collected at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 hours of the first and the fourth days of study, and fasting serum samples were also collected daily in first 10 days and then weekly at morning of 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th, 42ed, 49th, and 56th day after a 12-hours overnight fast. Serum retinol and carotenoids concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Also retinol fraction was extracted from serum and isolated by HPLC. The serum retinal enrichments were determined by using gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry with electron capture negative chemical ionization (GC-MS). Results  The average 52-day area under the serum ²H₄ retinol response curve (from the ²H₈ b-C dose) was (1289±547)nmol/d and the 52-day area under the serum ²H₈ retinol response curve (from the ²H₈ retinyl acetate dose) was(3560±1058)nmol/d.  By using ²H₈ retinyl acetate as the vitamin A reference, the ²H₄ retinol formed from ²H₈ b-C (11011nmol) was calculated to be equivalent to (3434±1449)nmol of retinol.  The calculated conversion factor of b-C to retinol ranged from 2.00-9.61 to 1 with an average of 3.89±2.76 to 1 on a molar basis, or 3.76-18.05 to 1 with an average of (7.30±5.18) to 1 on a weight basis. Conclusion  The conversion of b-C to vitamin A in 10 middle-aged Chinese adults had been quantitatively determined by using a stable isotope reference method, and an average conversion ratio of 9.1 to 1 on a weight basis was found in this study.

Key words: b-carotene, retinol, vitamin A, biological conversion efficiency, isotope dilution technique

 

基金項目：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(No.30271121)；浙江省科技廳科技項目（No.2005F13026）

作者簡(jiǎn)介：汪之頊，男，教授，博士

1 山東省濟寧市市中區衛生防疫站

2 浙江省醫學(xué)科學(xué)院營(yíng)養與保健食品所

3 中國疾病預防控制中心營(yíng)養與食品安全所

周繼昌  黃承鈺¹  張慧敏²  劉小立²  楊曉光³  樸建華³  賈青  洪君蓉

四川大學(xué)華西公共衛生學(xué)院營(yíng)養與食品衛生學(xué)教研室，成都  610041

摘要：目的  用鐵的穩定性同位素示蹤劑評價(jià)藏族成年男子膳食鐵的吸收率，為該人群及其膳食類(lèi)型的鐵吸收率提供參考數據。方法  于現場(chǎng)進(jìn)行人體代謝試驗，受試者口服穩定性同位素示蹤鐵劑（濃集⁵⁷Fe的FeSO₄）及稀土元素鏑，糞便監測法收集示蹤劑排出糞樣；用感耦等離子體質(zhì)譜儀測定糞樣⁵⁷Fe/⁵⁶Fe的比值，分析評價(jià)該人群膳食鐵的吸收率。結果  口服同位素評價(jià)藏族成年男子膳食鐵的吸收率為13.4%±6.4%；每日示蹤劑鐵和鏑排出呈良好相關(guān)性。結論  稀土元素鏑與未吸收的示蹤劑鐵在消化道有一致的排出過(guò)程，前者的回收率能很好反映糞樣收集情況；藏族成年男子膳食鐵的吸收較好。

關(guān)鍵詞：藏族  鐵  穩定性同位素  吸收率  鏑

中圖分類(lèi)號：R151.3                    文獻標識碼：A

 

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China

Abstract：Objective  The study was aimed to evaluate the iron absorption in the Tibetan man’s diet using the stable isotopic iron, and present reference to improve the dietary iron absorption for Chinese.  Methods  In a human metabolism field trial, the iron tracer enriched with ⁵⁷Fe and the recovery indicator dysprosium (Dy) were orally administrated to the subjects of young Tibetan men, and feces were sampled. The ratios of ⁵⁷Fe/⁵⁶Fe in fecal samples were determined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and then the iron absorption was calculated based on the theory of isotope dilution.  Results  The dietary iron absorption for Tibetan men was 13.4%±6.4% with good linearity for daily fecal excretions of iron tracer and Dy. Conclusion  Dy had the same behavior as non-absorbed iron tracer in the digestive tract and the recovery of Dy was suggested to represent the completeness of fecal collection. Dietary iron absorption for the adult Tibetan man was relatively high.

Key words: Tibetan, iron, stable isotope, absorption, dysprosium

 

基金項目：國家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項目（No.39930150）

作者簡(jiǎn)介：周繼昌，男，博士研究生

             1通訊作者

             2深圳市疾病預防控制中心

             3中國疾病預防控制中心營(yíng)養與食品安全所